Enter any amount and VAT rate to instantly calculate the tax. Switch between adding VAT (net → gross) and removing VAT (gross → net).
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Gross Amount
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How VAT works
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax applied to goods and services at each stage of production or distribution. In Italy it is called IVA (Imposta sul Valore Aggiunto).
Add VAT: Gross = Net × (1 + rate ÷ 100)
Remove VAT: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100)
Common standard rates: Italy 22%, UK 20%, Germany 19%, Spain & Netherlands 21%, Denmark & Sweden 25%. Many countries also have reduced rates for essentials like food, medicines, and books.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I add VAT to a price?
Multiply the net price by (1 + VAT rate ÷ 100). Example: £100 net + 20% VAT = £100 × 1.20 = £120 gross. Use the "Add VAT" tab above.
How do I remove VAT from a gross price?
Divide the gross price by (1 + VAT rate ÷ 100). Example: £120 gross ÷ 1.20 = £100 net. Switch to the "Remove VAT" tab and enter the gross price.
What is the IVA rate in Italy?
Italy's standard IVA rate is 22%. Reduced rates apply: 10% for tourism, hospitality, and certain foods; 4% for basic foodstuffs, books, and newspapers; 5% for some social services.